A survey of the structures of port facilities erected on the coast of the south of Sakhalin Island over the past 100 years: from the 20s of the last century to 2018 was conducted. A distinctive feature of the operating conditions of port facilities is the climatic conditions of the coast in the south of the island – the western coast of the island is washed by the waters of the Sea of Japan, the rest of the coast is washed by the waters of the Sea of Okhotsk. The latter belongs to the number of cold subarctic seas and is the coldest of the Far Eastern. The simultaneous influence of the cold Sea of Okhotsk and the warm Sea of Japan is especially evident in the southern part of the island. Climatic peculiarity of the southern part of the coast of Sakhalin is reflected in the operating conditions of the structures of port facilities – the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk and the northern part of the Sea of Japan never freeze. Severe hydrometeorological conditions of operation of port facilities on the southern coast of Sakhalin are most clearly manifested in winter – low negative temperature in winter (up to -20 °C); choppy sea – the average frequency of excitement is 35–50 %, the height of the waves reaches 4–6 m; the water temperature on the sea surface is about -1 °C; the salinity of the water on the surface is 31–33 ‰.

Research and development work was carried out at the A.A. Gvozdev NIIZHB, one of the tasks of which was to assess the impact of a large aggregate according to GOST 32703–2914 “Public automobile roads. Crushed stone and gravel from rocks. Technical requirements” for the strength properties of reinforced concrete structures. As part of the study, an experimental and theoretical assessment of the effect of a large filler according to GOST 32703–2014 on the strength of normal and inclined sections of bent elements was performed. A comparative analysis with the strength of the bent elements made with a large aggregate according to GOST 8267–93 “Crushed stone and gravel from dense rocks for construction works. Technical conditions”. According to the research results, it was found that the replacement of a large aggregate with GOST 8267 with aggregate GOST 32703 in bent reinforced concrete structures has practically no effect on the strength of normal and inclined sections. At the same time, the assessment of deformability showed the presence of deviations of more than 20 %. With this in mind, proposals were formulated for further more detailed studies of the deformability of structures with filler according to GOST 32703–2014.

The definition of soil-concrete used for the manufacture of foundation and road slabs in factory conditions is given. The characteristics and properties of the applied soils are considered. The technological scheme for the manufacture of the soil-concrete products is presented. Experimental compositions of soil-concrete of various grades are indicated. The technology of manufacturing products from soil-concrete has been tested in the factory. The slabs obtained by two-stage vibration under loading have stable strength characteristics, the required water and frost resistance to ensure their long service life.

The modern techniques of chemical analysis are especially significant for determination of the chemical composition of building materials. At present moment, in a field of chemical analysis, the most balanced technique in terms of price and quality is the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Determination of chemical composition of such materials as cement, sand and crushed rock are carrying out according to codes GOST 5382, GOST 8735 and GOST 82169.1, using techniques that in fact are techniques of the classical chemistry, which are so called “chemistry of solutions”. Comparison between the results of determination of the chemical composition of such materials that were obtained by techniques of the chemistry of solutions and by ICP-AES technique, showed that absolute deviation of results for the each determined element’s oxide were not higher than the value of 0.05%. This fact confirms that ICP-AES technique is highly effective for determination of the chemical composition of materials using for making concrete. The preparation technique for samples of cement, sand and crushed rock, analytical lines for the each determine element and processing of the results for ICP-AES technique are presented in this article.

The need of the construction industry in the development and application of building materials with high physical and mechanical characteristics can be met through the use of cheap waste from the metallurgical industry – blast furnace ground and granulated slags. The possibility of using blast furnace slag as aggregates for the production of heat-resistant concrete is based on the fact that when heated to a temperature of 800 °C, the slags has a higher strength than Portland cement and traditional fillers. At the same time, slag aggregates are 1.2–2 times cheaper than natural ones and require significantly lower financial costs. The use of slag aggregates for the production of heat-resistant concretes will make it possible to produce heat-resistant structures with high operational characteristics. The use of metallurgical waste in the form of blast furnace slag improves the environmental situation.

The results of determining the bulk density, grain composition and grade by the crushing capacity of recycled crushed stone from the breakages of ceramic bricks obtained by crushing (utilization) fragments of brickwork are presented and the prospects of its use for the production of concretes for general construction purposes are evaluated. Recycling crushed stone from the breakages of ceramic bricks is a material (product) obtained by crushing substandard ceramic bricks, ceramic stones, fragments of brickwork based on them, as well as concrete and reinforced concrete structures and products with aggragates from the breakages of ceramic bricks. It was revealed that the recycling crushed stone obtained by crushing fragments of brickwork based on ceramic bricks consists mainly of brick breakage grains, mortar grains, as well as brick fight grains and mortar of various fractions aggregated into a single conglomerate. The bulk density of crushed stone from the breakage of ceramic bricks varies from 938 to 1006 kg/m³. The crushing capacity of crushed stone from the breakages of ceramic bricks varies from 25.6 to 27.7 MPa. As a result of the research conducted, it was revealed that the materials under study are suitable for use as aggragates in the production of concrete. However, there are no documents regulating uniform requirements for recycling crushed stone from crushed bricks and masonry in the Russian Federation. For wide application in the construction industry of recycling crushed stone, it is necessary to carry out a complex of experimental works with the development of a new GOST.

The technological properties of heat-resistant concrete on a liquid-glass binder are presented. Self-disintergrating ferrochrome slags are used as a hardener, which can sharply increase the weather and heat-resistance of such concrete. In addition, due to the use of a retarder for the setting of a liquid-glass binder, the speed of construction of monolithic structures increases with their required construction quality. Modified heat-resistant concrete with improved technological characteristics was obtained on liquid glass with the addition of K-setting retarder, fireclay filler and hardener – ferrochrome slag, which made it possible to carry out high-quality laying of the concrete mixture into a densely reinforced cone-gas separator structure without reducing the required strength and fire-resistant characteristics of concrete.