Monitoring the condition of frame houses using integrated moisture and deformation sensors: validation of digital double of fencing structures

Introduction. The subject of the study is the methods of embedded monitoring of the moisture and deformation state of envelope structures in timber frame houses and the procedures for validating their digital twins using sensor data.

The aim of the work is to develop a methodology for integrating embedded sensors of temperature, relative humidity, wood moisture content and deformations with a digital twin of a multilayer timber frame envelope structure in order to improve the reliability of its technical condition assessment.

Materials and methods. The research methods include analysis of scientific publications and regulatory sources, including SP 31–105–2002 [13], development of the digital twin structure, design of the sensor placement scheme in critical zones of the structure, planning of laboratory and field monitoring programs, and development of criteria for comparing calculated and measured parameters.

Results. As a result, a comprehensive methodology for monitoring the condition of timber frame envelope structures has been developed, the architecture of the digital twin has been proposed, the most informative zones for sensor placement have been identified, and validation criteria based on time series of controlled parameters have been developed. It has been established that the use of embedded monitoring improves the accuracy of the digital twin through calibration of the parameters of the hygrothermal and mechanical subsystems, while stable discrepancies between calculated and measured values can be considered as a diagnostic sign of a hidden defect. 

Conclusions. The practical significance of the work is associated with early detection of hidden moisture accumulation, prediction of deformation behavior and improved reliability of timber frame buildings designed in accordance with the current regulatory framework.

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