bzhbБетон и железобетонConcrete and Reinforced Concrete0005-98893034-1302АО «НИЦ «Строительство»10.31659/0005-9889-2022-614-6-40-50bzhb-98Research ArticleСтатьиАлгоритмы надежности для расчета-прогноза долговечности железобетона при хлоридной агрессии: анализ методологии и приложенийReliability algorithms for calculating and predicting the durability of reinforced concrete under chloride aggression: analysis of methodology and applicationsЛеоновичС. Н.LeonovichS. N.

д-р техн. наук, иностранный академик РААСН, главный научный сотрудник «Центра научных исследований и испытаний строительных конструкций (ЦНИИСК) филиала БНТУ «Научно-исследовательский политехнический институт»

e-mail: sleonovich@mail.ru 

Doctor of Sciences (Engineering), Foreign Academician of the RAACS, Chief Researcher of the Center for Scientific Research and Testing of Building Structures branch of the BNTU “Research Polytechnic Institute”

e-mail: sleonovich@mail.ru 

sleonovich@mail.ruШалыйЕ. Е.ShalyE. E.

инженер

e-mail: john_shamali@mail.ru 

Engineer

e-mail: john_shamali@mail.ru 

john_shamali@mail.ruЛитвиновскийД. А.LitvinovskyD. A.

гл. инженер

Main engineer

СтепановаА. В.StepanovaA. V.

инженер

Engineer

МалюкВ. В.MalyukV. V.

ген. директор

General director

КолодейА. В.KolodeyA. V.

инженер

Engineer

Белорусский национальный технический университетБеларусьBelarusian National Technical UniversityBelarusДальневосточный федеральный университетРоссияFar Eastern Federal UniversityRussian FederationООО «ИнжСпецСтройПроект»БеларусьInzhSpetsStroyProekt LLCBelarusООО «Трансстрой-Трест»РоссияTransstroy-Trest LLCRussian Federation20222109202361464050Copyright © Леонович С.Н., Шалый Е.Е., Литвиновский Д.А., Степанова А.В., Малюк В.В., Колодей А.В., 20232023Леонович С.Н., Шалый Е.Е., Литвиновский Д.А., Степанова А.В., Малюк В.В., Колодей А.В.Leonovich S.N., Shaly E.E., Litvinovsky D.A., Stepanova A.V., Malyuk V.V., Kolodey A.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.bzhb.ru/jour/article/view/98

Проведен анализ вероятностного начала коррозии в железобетонных конструкциях, подверженных проникновению ионов хлорида. Прочность конструкции является важным критерием, который должен оцениваться в каждом типе конструкции, особенно когда эти конструкции эксплуатируются в агрессивных средах. Рассматривая железобетонные элементы, процесс диффузии хлоридов широко используется для оценки долговечности. Поэтому при моделировании этого явления коррозия арматуры может быть лучше оценена и предотвращена. Эти процессы начинаются при достижении порогового уровня концентрации хлоридов на стальных стержнях арматуры. Несмотря на надежность нескольких моделей, предложенных в литературе, детерминированные подходы не могут точно предсказать время начала коррозии из-за случайности, наблюдаемой в этом процессе. В связи с этим долговечность может быть более реалистично представлена с использованием вероятностных подходов. В статье представлен вероятностный анализ проникновения ионов хлорида. Проникновение ионов хлорида моделируется с использованием второго закона диффузии Фика. Этот закон представляет собой процесс диффузии хлоридов, учитывая зависящие от времени эффекты. Вероятность отказа рассчитывается с использованием моделирования Монте-Карло и метода надежности первого порядка (FORM) с подходом прямой связи. Для изучения этих явлений рассматриваются некоторые примеры и предлагается упрощенный метод определения оптимальных значений для защитного слоя бетона.

The article deals with the analysis of the probabilistic onset of corrosion in reinforced concrete structures subject to the penetration of chloride ions. Structural strength is an important criterion that must be evaluated in every type of structure, especially when these structures are operated in aggressive environments. When considering reinforced concrete members, the chloride diffusion process is widely used to evaluate durability. Therefore, by simulating this phenomenon, reinforcement corrosion can be better assessed and prevented. These processes begin when a threshold level of chloride concentration on the steel reinforcement bars is reached. Despite the reliability of several models proposed in the literature, deterministic approaches cannot accurately predict the time of onset of corrosion due to the randomness observed in this process. In this regard, durability can be more realistically represented using probabilistic approaches. The article presents a probabilistic analysis of the penetration of chloride ions. The penetration of chloride ions is modeled using Fick’s second law of diffusion. This law represents the diffusion process of chlorides, taking into account time-dependent effects. The failure probability is calculated using Monte Carlo simulation and first order reliability method (FORM) with a feed-forward approach. To study these phenomena, some examples are considered and a simplified method is proposed for determining the optimal values for the concrete cover.

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Конструкции и изделия железобетонные эксплуатируемые. Метод определения состояния арматуры (потенциометрический метод) // <i>Известия высших учебных заведений. Строительство</i>. 2009. № 8.Leonovich S.N., Snezhkov D.Yu. Manufactured reinforced concrete structures and products. Method for determining the state of reinforcement (potentiometric method). <i>Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedeniy. Stroitel’stvo</i>. 2009. No. 8. (In Russian).Зайцев Ю.В., Леонович С.Н., Шнайдер У. Структура, прочность и механика разрушения бетонов при двухосном и трехосном сжатии. Минск: БНТУ, 2011. 382 с.Zaitsev Yu.V., Leonovich S.N., Schneider U. Struktura, prochnost’ i mekhanika razrusheniya betonov pri dvukhosnom i trekhosnom szhatii [Structure, strength and fracture mechanics of concrete under biaxial and triaxial compression]. Minsk: BNTU, 2011. 382 p.Леонович С.Н., Прасол А.В. Модели периода инициирования коррозии арматуры // <i>Строительные материалы</i>. 2012. № 9. С. 74–75.Leonovich S.N., Prasol A.V. Models of the period of reinforcement corrosion initiation. <i>Stroitel’nye Materialy</i> [Construction Materials]. 2012. No. 9, pp. 74–75. (In Russian).Leonovich S.N., Prasol A.V. The impact of hlorides on reinforced concrete structures: modeling of penetration into concrete. <i>Science and Technology</i>. 2012. No. 2, p. 34.Leonovich S.N., Prasol A.V. The impact of hlorides on reinforced concrete structures: modeling of penetration into concrete. <i>Science and Technology</i>. 2012. No. 2, p. 34.Рудницкий В.А., Крень А.П., Леонович С.Н. Способ определения класса прочности арматуры в железобетоне: пат. 16278 Респ. Беларусь: МПК(2006.01) G 01N 3/40/; заявитель Государственное научное учреждение «Институт прикладной физики Национальной академии наук Беларуси»; Дата публ.: 2012.08.30Rudnitsky V.A., Kren A.P., Leonovich S.N. Method for determining the strength class of reinforcement in reinforced concrete: Pat. 16278 Rep. Belarus: IPC(2006.01) G 01N 3/40/; applicant State scientific institution «Institute of Applied Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus»; Publication date: 2012.08.30 (In Russian).Леонович С.Н., Литвиновский Д.А., Чернякевич О.Ю., Степанова А.В. Прочность, трещиностойкость и долговечность конструкционного бетона при температурных и коррозионных воздействиях: монография: в 2 ч. Ч. 1. Минск: БНТУ, 2016. 390 с.Leonovich S.N., Litvinovsky D.A., Chernyakevich O.Yu., Stepanova A.V. Prochnost’, treshchinostoykost’ i dolgovechnost’ konstruktsionnogo betona pri temperaturnykh i korrozionnykh vozdeystviyakh: monografiya [Strength, crack resistance and durability of structural concrete under temperature and corrosion effects: monograph: in 2 hours. Part 1]. Minsk: BNTU, 2016. 390 p. (In Russian).Шалый Е.Е., Ким Л.В., Леонович С.Н. 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Part 1, pp. 243–247. (In Russian).Леонович С.Н. Моделирование капиллярной усадки и трещинообразование бетона в раннем возрасте // <i>Наука и техника</i>. 2018. Т. 17. № 4. С. 265–277.Leonovich S.N. Modeling of capillary shrinkage and cracking of concrete at an early age. <i>Nauka i tekhnika</i>. 2018. Vol. 17. No. 4, pp. 265–277. (In Russian).Леонович С.Н. Алгоритм расчета трещиностойкости бетона в раннем возрасте при капиллярной усадке по обобщенному критерию // <i>Наука и техника</i>. 2018. Т. 17. № 6. С. 502–507.Leonovich S.N. Algorithm for calculating the crack resistance of concrete at an early age with capillary shrinkage according to a generalized criterion. <i>Nauka i tekhnika</i>. 2018. Vol. 17. No. 6, pp. 502–507. (In Russian).Леонович С.Н., Шалый Е.Е., Ким Л.В. Железобетон при воздействии карбонизации и хлоридной агрессии: вероятностная модель расчета-прогноза срока службы // <i>Наука и техника</i>. 2019. Т. 18. № 4. С. 284–291.Leonovich S.N., Shalyi E.E., Kim L.V. Reinforced concrete under the influence of carbonization and chloride aggression: a probabilistic model for calculating and predicting service life. <i>Nauka i tekhnika</i>. 2019. Vol. 18. No. 4, pp. 284–291. (In Russian).Шалый Е.Е., Леонович С.Н., Будревич Н.А. Алгоритм прогнозирования срока службы: нагрузка, карбонизация, хлоридная агрессия // <i>Вестник Брестского государственного технического университета</i>. 2021.№ 3 (126). C. 17–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36773/1818-1112-2021-126-3-17-20Shaly E.E., Leonovich S.N., Budrevich N.A. Service life prediction algorithm: load, carbonization, chloride aggression. <i>Vestnik of the Brest State Technical University</i>. 2021. No. 3 (126), pp. 17–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36773/1818-1112-2021-126-3-17-20Леонович С.Н., Шалый Е.Е., Полонина Е.Н. Долговечность портовых железобетонных конструкций (Дальний Восток и Сахалин): монография. М.: ИНФРА-М. 2022. 315 с.Leonovich S.N., Shalyi E.E., Polonina E.N. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.