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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bzhb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бетон и железобетон</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Concrete and Reinforced Concrete</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0005-9889</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-1302</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АО «НИЦ «Строительство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37538/0005-9889-2024-4(623)-50-58</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KXWKOY</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bzhb-149</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И ИЗДЕЛИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Принципиальные вопросы прочности железобетонных плит при продавливании</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Fundamental issues of the strength of reinforced concrete slabs during punching</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылов</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylov</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Борисович Крылов*, д-р техн. наук, заведующий лабораторией механики железобетона, НИИЖБ им. А.А. Гвоздева АО «НИЦ «Строительство», Москва</p><p>e-mail: niizhb_lab8@mail.ru</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey B. Krylov*, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Head of the Laboratory of Reinforced Concrete Mechanics, Research Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete named after A.A. Gvozdev, JSC Research Center of Construction, Moscow</p><p>e-mail: niizhb_lab8@mail.ru</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кабанцев</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kabantsev</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Олег Васильевич Кабанцев, д-р техн. наук, директор научно-технических проектов, профессор кафедры «Железобетонные и каменные конструкции», НИУ МГСУ, Москва</p><p>e-mail: ovk531@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Kabantsev, Dr. Sci. (Engineering), Director for Scientific and Technical Projects, Professor of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University), Moscow</p><p>e-mail: ovk531@gmail.com</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Владиславович Трофимов, аспирант кафедры «Железобетонные и каменные конструкций», НИУ МГСУ; научный сотрудник лаборатории механики железобетона, НИИЖБ им. А.А. Гвоздева АО «НИЦ «Строительство», Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Trofimov, Postgraduate student of the Department of Reinforced Concrete and Stone Structures, Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University); Researcher of the Laboratory of Reinforced Concrete Mechanics, Research Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete named after A.A. Gvozdev, JSC Research Center of Construction, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона (НИИЖБ) им. А.А. Гвоздева АО «НИЦ «Строительство»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete named after A.A. Gvozdev, JSC Research Center of Construction</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет» (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский, проектно-конструкторский и технологический институт бетона и железобетона (НИИЖБ) им. А.А. Гвоздева АО «НИЦ «Строительство»; ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет» (НИУ МГСУ)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete named after A.A. Gvozdev, JSC Research Center of Construction; Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>623</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>58</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Крылов С.Б., Кабанцев О.В., Трофимов С.В., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Крылов С.Б., Кабанцев О.В., Трофимов С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krylov S.B., Kabantsev O.V., Trofimov S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bzhb.ru/jour/article/view/149">https://www.bzhb.ru/jour/article/view/149</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Расчетная модель прочности плит при продавливании, принятая в отечественных нормативных документах, содержит ряд противоречий физической стороне процесса. Из экспериментальных исследований известно, что еще до момента разрушения в бетоне развивается множество трещин. Поэтому его прочность на растяжение, положенная в основу действующей модели, исчерпывается задолго до разрушения конструкции. Действующая модель не учитывает продольное армирование плит, которое является одним из основных факторов обеспечения прочности при продавливании. Аналогичные недостатки есть в зарубежных моделях. Точность нормативных методик расчета, как отечественных, так и зарубежных, низкая.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Создание метода расчета плит на продавливание, корректно учитывающего все известные особенности работы конструкции и обладающего высокой точностью.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Рассмотрен метод расчета прочности плит на продавливание, в основу которого положено условие равновесия моментов внешних и внутренних сил, в отличие от нормативного метода, в котором рассматривается равновесие проекций всех сил на вертикальную ось.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Разработан метод расчета, который не противоречит известным опытным данным о работе плит при продавливании. Удалось корректно учесть работу продольной арматуры плиты. Показана высокая точность предложенного метода расчета.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Проведенное исследование позволяет по-новому взглянуть на суть процесса продавливания. Рассмотрен механизм разрушения, обладающий принципиальными отличиями. Предложенный метод расчета позволяет получать результаты, сопоставимые по точности с лучшими численными моделями.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. The calculation model of the strength of slabs during punching, adopted in domestic regulatory documents, contains a number of contradictions to the physical side of the process. So it is known from experience that even before the moment of destruction, many cracks develop in concrete. Therefore, its tensile strength, which is the basis of the current model, is exhausted long before the destruction of the structure. The current model does not take into account the longitudinal reinforcement of the slabs, which is one of the main factors in ensuring strength during penetration. There are similar disadvantages in foreign models. The accuracy of normative calculation methods, both domestic and foreign, is low.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. Creation of a method for calculating of the slabs for punching, which correctly takes into account all known features of the structure and has high accuracy.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. The method of calculating of the strength of slabs for penetration is considered, which is based on the condition of equilibrium of moments of external and internal forces, in contrast to the normative method, which considers the equilibrium of projections of all forces on the vertical axis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A calculation method has been developed that does not contradict the known experimental data on the operation of slabs during punching. It was possible to correctly take into account the work of the longitudinal reinforcement of the slab. The high accuracy of the proposed calculation method is shown.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. The conducted research allows us to take a fresh look at the essence of the punching process. The mechanism of destruction, which has fundamental differences, is considered. The proposed calculation method allows us to obtain results comparable in accuracy with the best numerical models.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>продавливание</kwd><kwd>плиты перекрытия</kwd><kwd>прочность</kwd><kwd>расчет</kwd><kwd>железобетонные конструкции</kwd><kwd>экспериментальные данные</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>punching</kwd><kwd>floor slabs</kwd><kwd>strength</kwd><kwd>calculation</kwd><kwd>reinforced concrete structures</kwd><kwd>experimental data</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Данная работа была поддержана грантом 2024 года на проведение фундаментальных и прикладных научных исследований (НИР/НИОКР) научными коллективами НИУ МГСУ, проект № 14-392/130.</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The research was funded by the Moscow State University of Civil Engineering (National Research University) (grant for fundamental and applied scientific research, project No. 14-392/130).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Einpaul J., Ruiz M.F., Muttoni A. 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