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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">bzhb</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Бетон и железобетон</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Concrete and Reinforced Concrete</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0005-9889</issn><issn pub-type="epub">3034-1302</issn><publisher><publisher-name>АО «НИЦ «Строительство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37538/0005-9889-2023-5/6(619)-11-24</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">bzhb-111</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СТРОИТЕЛЬНЫЕ МАТЕРИАЛЫ И ИЗДЕЛИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>BUILDING MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сейсмоусиление зданий, построенных из неармированной каменной кладки с помощью торкретирования бетона</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Seismic reinforcement of buildings constructed from unreinforced masonry using shotcrete</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Альдреби</surname><given-names>З. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aldrebi</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зиад Ахмад Альдреби, канд. техн. наук, исследователь, преподаватель-исследователь, инженер-строитель, ФГБОУ ВО «Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I», Санкт-Петербург</p><p>e-mail: ziald67@gmail.com</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ziad A. Aldrebi, Ph.D. in civil engineering, Researcher, Lecturer-researcher, Civil Engineer, Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University, Saint Petersburg</p><p>e-mail: ziald67@gmail.com</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ziald67@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Петербургский государственный университет путей сообщения Императора Александра I</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Emperor Alexander I St. Petersburg State Transport University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>02</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>619</volume><issue>5/6</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>24</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Альдреби З.А., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Альдреби З.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aldrebi Z.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.bzhb.ru/jour/article/view/111">https://www.bzhb.ru/jour/article/view/111</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В данной работе упоминается о существовании традиционных и нетрадиционных методов сейсмоусиления зданий и сооружений, в том числе зданий, построенных из каменной кладки, и исторических памятников архитектуры. Рассматривается торкретирование бетоном или другим строительным раствором на основе цемента как один из способов сейсмоусиления, который принадлежит к традиционным методам и считается в данном случае наиболее подходящим, так как позволяет сейсмоусилить здания, построенные из неармированной каменной кладки, в число которых входят многие исторические памятники архитектуры, увеличивая их несущую способность и при этом почти не утяжеляя их вес.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Исследование предназначено для того, чтобы внести вклад в сейсмоусиление зданий, в том числе памятников архитектуры, построенных из неармированной каменной кладки, чтобы они выдержали в дальнейшем сейсмические воздействия от такого природного явления, как землетрясение.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выполнен обзор и детальное изучение метода сейсмоусиления, а именно торкретирования бетоном, который является традиционным методом, его преимуществ и недостатков, сути метода и последовательности его выполнения. Также выполнен обзор исторических землетрясений в разных странах и их разрушительных последствий для зданий, построенных из неармированной каменной кладки. Рассмотрено поведение неармированных каменных опор и стен в плоскости при воздействии сейсмических боковых сил.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Предложены и наглядно продемонстрированы возможное практическое применение и шаги торкретирования бетоном по металлической сетке стен из неармированной каменной кладки для их сейсмоусиления.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. Сделаны выводы о целесообразности использования торкретирования бетоном по металлической сетке для сейсмоусиления зданий, построенных из неармированной каменной кладки, что дает возможность сохранить жизнь людей, проживающих в них в случае возникновения землетрясений.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. This work mentions the existence of traditional and non-traditional methods of seismic reinforcement of buildings and structures, including buildings built from masonry and historical architectural monuments. Concrete shotcreting, or other cementbased mortar is considered as one of the methods of seismic reinforcement, which belongs to traditional methods and is regarded the most suitable in this case, since it allows seismic reinforcement of buildings constructed from unreinforced masonry, which includes many historical architectural monuments, increasing their load-bearing capacity and at the same time almost without increasing their weight.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. The research is intended to contribute to the seismic reinforcement of buildings, including architectural monuments, built from unreinforced masonry to withstand future seismic impacts from natural phenomena such as earthquake.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. A review and detailed study of the seismic reinforcement method was carried out, namely shotcrete with concrete, which is a traditional method, its advantages and disadvantages, the essence of the method and the sequence of its implementation. A review of historical earthquakes in different countries and their devastating consequences for buildings constructed from unreinforced masonry was also carried out. The in-plane behavior of unreinforced masonry supports and walls under the influence of seismic lateral forces is considered.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The possible practical application and steps of concrete shotcrete over a metal mesh of unreinforced masonry walls for their seismic reinforcement are proposed and clearly demonstrated.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. Conclusions have been drawn about the feasibility of using shotcrete over a metal mesh for seismic reinforcement of buildings built from unreinforced masonry, which makes it possible to save the lives of people living in them in case of earthquakes.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>торкретирование</kwd><kwd>неармированная каменная кладка</kwd><kwd>сейсмоусиление</kwd><kwd>металлическая сетка</kwd><kwd>землетрясение</kwd><kwd>исторические памятники архитектуры</kwd><kwd>здание</kwd><kwd>сопло</kwd><kwd>отскок</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>shotcrete</kwd><kwd>unreinforced masonry (URM)</kwd><kwd>seismic reinforcement</kwd><kwd>metal mesh</kwd><kwd>earthquake</kwd><kwd>historical architectural monuments</kwd><kwd>building</kwd><kwd>nozzle</kwd><kwd>rebound</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">ТУ 5745-001-16216892-06. 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